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The US health department published a draft policy under which it would not act against pharmacies that make BPC-157 on a prescription for a named patient, until the FDA decides by rule. It is still not an approved medicine.
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IGF-1 LR3

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Scientific papers

StudiesKind of studyYear
Insulin-like growth factor I receptor expression and function in fibroblasts from two patients with deletion of the distal long arm of chromosome 15.J Clin Endocrinol MetabCase reports1995
The emerging landscape of performance-enhancing peptides modulating GH-IGF1 axis: bridging the gap between clinical evidence and patient self-administration.Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)Review of studies2026
The role of insulin-like growth factors in small intestinal cell growth and development.Horm Metab ResReview of studies1999
Revolutionary decellularized Alstroemeria stem-based nerve conduit integrated with GelMA and controlled IGF-1 LR3 release for enhanced rat sciatic nerve regeneration.Int J Biol MacromolIn animals2025
Attenuated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion during an acute IGF-1 LR3 infusion into fetal sheep does not persist in isolated islets.J Dev Orig Health DisIn animals2023
N-Linked Glycosylation in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Is Critical for Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Signaling.Int J Mol SciIn animals2022
Reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion following a 1-wk IGF-1 infusion in late gestation fetal sheep is due to an intrinsic islet defect.Am J Physiol Endocrinol MetabIn animals2021
IGF-1 infusion to fetal sheep increases organ growth but not by stimulating nutrient transfer to the fetus.Am J Physiol Endocrinol MetabIn animals2021
Coronary vascular growth matches IGF-1-stimulated cardiac growth in fetal sheep.FASEB JIn animals2020
Inhibition of activin-like kinase 4/5 attenuates cancer cachexia associated muscle wasting.Sci RepIn animals2019
Epidermal growth factor receptor is required for estradiol-stimulated bovine satellite cell proliferation.Domest Anim EndocrinolIn animals2014
Na+ transport across rumen epithelium of hay-fed sheep is acutely stimulated by the peptide IGF-1 in vitro.Exp PhysiolIn animals2012
Enhancement of maternal lactation performance during prolonged lactation in the mouse by mouse GH and long-R3-IGF-I is linked to changes in mammary signaling and gene expression.J EndocrinolIn animals2008
Localization of insulin-like growth factor (IGFBP)-3 in cultured porcine embryonic myogenic cells before and after TGF-beta1 treatment.Domest Anim EndocrinolIn animals2007
Leptin in the bovine corpus luteum: receptor expression and effects on progesterone production.Mol Reprod DevIn animals2007
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 inhibition of prostate cancer growth involves suppression of angiogenesis.OncogeneIn animals2007
Effect of constitutive expression of porcine IGFBP-3 on proliferation and differentiation of L6 myogenic cells.Domest Anim EndocrinolIn animals2006
The local expression and abundance of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins in skeletal muscle are regulated by age and gender but not local IGF-I in vivo.EndocrinologyIn animals2005
Production of recombinant porcine IGF-binding protein-5 and its effect on proliferation of porcine embryonic myoblast cultures in the presence and absence of IGF-I and Long-R3-IGF-I.J EndocrinolIn animals2005
Effect of recombinant porcine IGFBP-3 on IGF-I and long-R3-IGF-I-stimulated proliferation and differentiation of L6 myogenic cells.J Cell PhysiolIn animals2004
Regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein expression by growth factors and cytokines alters IGF-mediated proliferation of postnatal lung fibroblasts.Exp Lung ResIn animals2004
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase and phosphoinositol-3 kinase mediate IGF-1 induced proliferation of fetal sheep cardiomyocytes.Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp PhysiolIn animals2003
Interaction of bovine granulosa and theca cells in a novel serum-free co-culture system.ReproductionIn animals2003
Paracrine effects of oocyte secreted factors and stem cell factor on porcine granulosa and theca cells in vitro.Reprod Biol EndocrinolIn animals2003
Oocyte-mediated suppression of follicle-stimulating hormone- and insulin-like growth factor-induced secretion of steroids and inhibin-related proteins by bovine granulosa cells in vitro: possible role of transforming growth factor alpha.Biol ReprodIn animals2003
Effect of recombinant porcine IGF-binding protein-3 on proliferation of embryonic porcine myogenic cell cultures in the presence and absence of IGF-I.J EndocrinolIn animals2003
Insulin-like growth factor-I and analogues increase growth in artificially-reared neonatal pigs.Br J NutrIn animals2002
Effects of insulin-like growth factor-I and its analogue, long-R3-IGF-I, on intestinal absorption of 3-O-methyl-D-glucose are less pronounced than gut mucosal growth responses.Growth FactorsIn animals2002
Steroidogenesis in bovine granulosa cells: the effect of short-term changes in dietary intake.ReproductionIn animals2002
Modulatory effects of gonadotrophins and insulin-like growth factor on the secretion of inhibin A and progesterone by granulosa cells from chicken preovulatory (F1-F3) follicles.ReproductionIn animals2002
Mechanisms of age-related decline in insulin-like growth factor-I dependent proteoglycan synthesis in rat intervertebral disc cells.Spine (Phila Pa 1976)In animals2001
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-5 inhibits growth and induces differentiation of mouse osteosarcoma cells.Biochem Biophys Res CommunIn animals2001
Interactions between follicle-stimulating hormone and growth factors in modulating secretion of steroids and inhibin-related peptides by nonluteinized bovine granulosa cells.Biol ReprodIn animals2001
Granulosa cells of the cumulus oophorus are different from mural granulosa cells in their response to gonadotrophins and IGF-I.J EndocrinolIn animals2001
Production of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) by pig ovarian cells in vivo and the effect of TIMP-1 on steroidogenesis in vitro.J Reprod FertilIn animals2000
Intramammary infusion of insulin or long R3 insulin-like growth factor-I did not increase milk protein yield in dairy cows.J Dairy SciIn animals2000
Differential regulation of IGF-binding proteins in rabbit costal chondrocytes by IGF-I and dexamethasone.J EndocrinolIn animals2000
Response of isolated ruminant mammary arteries to the long R3 analogue of insulin-like growth factor I.Exp PhysiolIn animals2000
Differential regulation of pig theca cell steroidogenesis by LH, insulin-like growth factor I and granulosa cells in serum-free culture.J Reprod FertilIn animals2000
Novel studies on influence of gonadotropins and insulin-like growth factor-I on growth of cumulus oophorus in the rat.EndocrineIn animals2000
Action of long(R3)-insulin-like growth factor-1 on protein metabolism in beef heifers.Domest Anim EndocrinolIn animals1999
Cellular localization and expression of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF binding proteins within the epiphyseal growth plate of the ovine fetus: possible functional implications.Can J Physiol PharmacolIn animals1999
Maintenance of oestradiol production and expression of cytochrome P450 aromatase enzyme mRNA in long-term serum-free cultures of pig granulosa cells.J Reprod FertilIn animals1999
Rat milk and dietary long arginine3 insulin-like growth factor I promote intestinal growth of newborn rat pups.Pediatr ResIn animals1998
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor-insulin receptor substrate complexes in the uterus. Altered signaling response to estradiol in the IGF-1(m/m) mouse.J Biol ChemIn animals1998
Small intestinal morphology in eight-day-old calves fed colostrum for different durations or only milk replacer and treated with long-R3-insulin-like growth factor I and growth hormone.J Anim SciIn animals1998
Effects of dose of LH on androgen production and luteinization of ovine theca cells cultured in a serum-free system.J Reprod FertilIn animals1998
Endocrine and metabolic changes in neonatal calves in response to growth hormone and long-R3-insulin-like growth factor-I administration.Biol NeonateIn animals1998
Long [R3] insulin-like growth factor-I reduces growth, plasma growth hormone, IGF binding protein-3 and endogenous IGF-I concentrations in pigs.J EndocrinolIn animals1997
Interactions between follicle-stimulating hormone and growth factors in regulation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in bovine granulosa cells.Biol ReprodIn animals1997
The somatotropic axis in neonatal calves can be modulated by nutrition, growth hormone, and Long-R3-IGF-I.Am J PhysiolIn animals1997
Effects of insulin and insulin-like growth factors on proliferation of rat ovarian theca-interstitial cells.Biol ReprodIn animals1997
Thyrotropin via cyclic AMP induces insulin receptor expression and insulin Co-stimulation of growth and amplifies insulin and insulin-like growth factor signaling pathways in dog thyroid epithelial cells.J Biol ChemIn animals1996
Inhibition of cellular proliferation and modulation of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins by retinoids in a bovine mammary epithelial cell line.J Cell PhysiolIn animals1996
Design and characterisation of long-R3-insulin-like growth factor-I muteins which show resistance to pepsin digestion.Growth FactorsIn animals1996
Administration of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) peptides for three days stimulates proliferation of the small intestinal epithelium in rats.GutIn animals1995
Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins-2 and -3 stimulate growth hormone receptor binding and mitogenesis in rat osteosarcoma cells.EndocrinologyIn animals1995
Long R3 insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) infusion stimulates organ growth but reduces plasma IGF-I, IGF-II and IGF binding protein concentrations in the guinea pig.J EndocrinolIn animals1995
Effects of insulin and insulin-like growth factors on protein and energy metabolism in tumour-bearing rats.Biochem JIn animals1994
Differential steroidogenic response of subpopulations of porcine granulosa cells to insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) or IGF-1 analogs.Biol ReprodIn animals1994
Several insulin-like growth factor-I analogues and complexes of insulin-like growth factors-I and -II with insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 fail to mimic the effect of growth hormone upon lactation in the rat.J EndocrinolIn animals1994
Effects of IGF-I bioavailability on bovine preantral follicular development in vitro.ReproductionIn a lab dish2007
The effect of insulin-like growth factor analogs on turkey satellite cell and embryonic myoblast proliferation.Poult SciIn a lab dish2001
Intranasal long R3 insulin-like growth factor-1 treatment promotes amyloid plaque remodeling in cerebral cortex but fails to preserve cognitive function in male 5XFAD mice.J Alzheimers DisOther paper2025
Recombinant expression of IGF-1 and LR3 IGF-1 fused with xylanase in Pichia pastoris.Appl Microbiol BiotechnolOther paper2023
Sheep recombinant IGF-1 promotes organ-specific growth in fetal sheep.Front PhysiolOther paper2022
IGF-1 has plaque-stabilizing effects in atherosclerosis by altering vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype.Am J PatholOther paper2011
Detection of His-tagged Long-R³-IGF-I in a black market product.Growth Horm IGF ResOther paper2010
Potentiation of growth factor signaling by insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 in breast epithelial cells requires sphingosine kinase activity.J Biol ChemOther paper2009
Novel insulin-like growth factor-methotrexate covalent conjugate inhibits tumor growth in vivo at lower dosage than methotrexate alone.Transl ResOther paper2009
NKX3.1 activates expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 to mediate insulin-like growth factor-I signaling and cell proliferation.Cancer ResOther paper2009
In vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of the dual insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin receptor inhibitor, BMS-554417.Cancer ResOther paper2006
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 and IGFBP-5 mediate TGF-beta- and myostatin-induced suppression of proliferation in porcine embryonic myogenic cell cultures.Exp Cell ResOther paper2005
Insulin-like growth factor I stimulates telomerase activity in prostate cancer cells.J Clin Endocrinol MetabOther paper2003
Effects of a non-IGF binding mutant of IGFBP-5 on cell death in human breast cancer cells.Biochem Biophys Res CommunOther paper2002
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 mediates the inhibition of DNA synthesis by transforming growth factor-beta in mink lung epithelial cells.J Cell PhysiolOther paper2002
Effect of IGFBP-3 on IGF- and IGF-analogue-induced insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGFIR) signalling.Growth Horm IGF ResOther paper2001
Defect in insulin-like growth factor-1 survival mechanism in atherosclerotic plaque-derived vascular smooth muscle cells is mediated by reduced surface binding and signaling.Circ ResOther paper2001
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 is secreted as a phosphoprotein by human breast cancer cells.Mol Cell EndocrinolOther paper1999
Clearance of IGFs and insulin from wounds: effect of IGF-binding protein interactions.Am J PhysiolOther paper1999
Chemical treatment of Escherichia coli: 3. Selective extraction of a recombinant protein from cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in intact cells.Biotechnol BioengOther paper1999
Involvement of insulin-like growth factor-1 and its binding proteins in proliferation and differentiation of murine bone marrow-derived macrophage precursors.EndocrineOther paper1998
Effect of follicle stimulating hormone and insulin-like growth factors on proteolysis of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 in human granulosa cells.Mol Hum ReprodOther paper1998
Chemical treatment of Escherichia coli. II. Direct extraction of recombinant protein from cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in intact cells.Biotechnol BioengOther paper1998
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 induces apoptosis in MCF7 breast cancer cells.Biochem Biophys Res CommunOther paper1997
Proteolysis of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 by human skin keratinocytes in culture in comparison to that in skin interstitial fluid: the role and regulation of components of the plasmin system.J Clin Endocrinol MetabOther paper1997
Antiproliferative action of vitamin D-related compounds and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 accumulation.J Natl Cancer InstOther paper1997
Inhibition of insulin- and insulin-like growth factor-I-stimulated growth of human breast cancer cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and the vitamin D3 analogue EB1089.Eur J CancerOther paper1996
Regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-4 in human endometrial stromal cell cultures: evidence for ligand-induced proteolysis.J Clin Endocrinol MetabOther paper1995
Proteolytic degradation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-3 by porcine ovarian granulosa cells in culture: regulation by IGF-I.EndocrinologyOther paper1994
Cytokines modulate the sensitivity of human fibroblasts to stimulation with insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) by altering endogenous IGF-binding protein production.J EndocrinolOther paper1993

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